Pre-history of Probability Theory

The commonly recognized beginning of probability theory dates back to the gambling tables of Gerolamo Cardano in the 1600s. I was surprised when I first learned about this, especially considering that dice had been invented and used for thousands of years, dating as far back as 2000 to 3000 BCE across various cultures. I believe that the development of knowledge and theories is rarely sudden. There must have been earlier traces or interesting advancements in the concept of probability around the world, long before the 1600s. I will explore some of the prehistory of probability that I find particularly intriguing.